William s



w. s. WILLIAMS. ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED IJEC.14. IQIB. l

Iaented Juy L5, ISIS).

STATESl PATENT- ()FFICE.' i i WI'LLIAia s. WLLLiAMs, OE PiTTSEIELD,MASSACHUSETTS, Assieivoii. To `*GENERAL I ELECTRIC COMPANY, ACORPORATION or N EW YORK.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, lViLLiAii SQWILLiAus, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Pittsfield, in the county' ot' Berkshire, State oiMassachusetts, haije invented certain new 'and useful Improvements inElectrical Ap.-

pai'atus, of which the following is ai specification.

My invention relates to 'electrical apparatus and particularly toapparatus having .windings supported about the legs Otl inagnetic cores,such as are employed iii transv 'foriners, reactances and the like.

rl`lie object of my invention is to-provide an improved means forretaining the windings in a predetermined spad relation which isreliable, safe and readily manufactui'cd.

lVhen assembling windings about the leg of a' magnetic core, in themanufacture of electrical apparatus, it-is necessary that cerspacingdevices extend beyond the edges' of the windings, it is generallycustomary to place distance pieces between these ends, or if the spacingdevice should have a bent over portion tlien the distance pieces areplaced between the bent portion and the windings so that the one devicemaintains the desired spacing effects in both directions. In either oi,these ways of putting in the distance pieces the mutual friction betweenthe parts has generally been relied upon to retain the spacing devicesand the distancing parts completely intact.. In drying, however, theseparts not infrequently become loosened, and occasionally becomedisplaced.

In the practice of my invention I have provided a member for tying insuch parts to avoid such displacement, the member being combined in suchaway-that it becomes a part of the spacing means without iinpairing itsinsulatingqualities, whereby a rigid construction iseonsequently at alltimes provided. l

For a more complete understanding of the Specification of LettersPatent: Patented J 1y-v 15, 1919, "Application-filed December 14, 1918.Serial No. 266,752 i I A embodying my invention; while-Fig.l 2 shows 60a section of the device shown in Fig. 1 taken on the line 2 2 in Fig. 1.',Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing another embodiment of myinvention; F ig. 4 being a Section thereof taken on line 4 4. Figs 5 to-11 65 show various .forms of spacing devices eni'v i Vployed in the(practice ,of iny invention. Fig. 12 shows a etail in the arrangementfor tying together the parts. Fig. 13 shows a detail in the assembly ofthe windings and spacing devices; and F ig.,14 shows my inventionemployed to secure spacingstrips to insulating collars.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings, 10 denotes a magnetic core, ofany suitable 75 type, on the leg 11 of which are mounted interleaveddisk coil' windings 12. These windings would be suitabl Vconnected ashigh and low voltage windingsl Where the apparatus embodying myinvention is a 80 transformer, to which type of electrical apparatus myinvention will have its widestapplication.

he windings 12 are insulated from the core `11 by the inner insulatingcylinder 13, 85

shown as interposed between the core 11 and the windings 12. An outerinsulating cylin- .der 14 is provided to insulate the windings shown onleg 11 from other windings, or from exterior grounds such as tliehousingwhich may inclose the apparatus, or from other portions of the core. Forthis reason 'i `portions of the ends of the cylinders are illusformthereof is shown in F ig'. 5 and consists- Y. be slipped over-.the edgeof a Winding.

lpreferably each formed spacers shown in Figs. 5 to 11., The simplest oftwo independent leg members 20, having one `or more distance pieces, orfilling menibers 2 1 inserted therebetween at one end.

To secure these legs and fillers together, I formv elongated openings 22and-23'in the leg members and fillers respectively as shown in Fig. 12,and insert a tying member 2 4, which is in the form of a strip having asection Whose cross-section snugly lits the openvings 22 and 23; thetying member being formed or bent to lie along the leg members 20, sothat it is consequently not easilydis placed having'once been properlyplaced-in position.

The legs,` tying member and fillers are of insulating material such aspress-board, iberon the like, the assembled spacer being adapted toThose shown 'ins Figs. 1 and 2 are slipped pver the inner edge of eachcoil of the Wind- -ings 12 andare spaced circumferentially from eachother by'an'angle of approximately 60 degrees. By placing thespacers'lGover the 4inner edge offa Winding disk, a solid insulatingabutment is placed between the Winding and the cylinder 13'so that aconcentric arrangement ofthe windings about such cylinder is insured.The spacers 16, in this instance,

` are made also sufficiently long to extend' windings.

beyond the outer edge vof the winding disks in orderto maintain theexternal cylinder 14 in a spaced concentric relation to the Obviously,however, the spacers 16 could be placed over theouter edge of y theWinding disks, vor some placed over the outer edge and some over theinner` edge with the same results.

In assembly, when the winding disks have had the intended number ofspacers properly placed about their edges, they are stackedconcentrically, so 'that `the sides of the spacers 16 abut as shown at25 i-n Fig. 13E

'thus providing a solid abutment from one end of the Winding stock tothe other 'for/ any axial impulses imparted t9 the windings on accountof magnetieor other reactions between the windings.

In the spacers 16, the tying member 24 is of course. narrower than thelegs 20 so that in that in the portionof the Winding stock `showninFig.' 13, it is seen that edges of these. tyingmembers are not flushwith the edges of the'leg members, in consequence of which a longerleakage pathV vis Aprovided from one Winding disk to another ,over theedge of the spacers than itall the edges had been flush. Through thespaces about the windings 12, thus provided by thefuseof spacers' 16, acooling and ventilating.mediuxmsuch for instance as oil -or ain-willcirculate. The

passages shown in Figs. and 2 permit of the unimpeded movement of suchcooling and ventilatlng medium in both axial' and yradial directionsover the windings.

Should it be desired to provide a greater distance between t'ivoadjacentwinding disks than is provided' by the superposed thicknesses of themembers 2O and 24 in spacers of the type shown4 in Fig. 5, as indicatedin Fig. 13, the spacer to be employed would be assembled ivith one ormore additional legmembers or vfillers such as shown at 30 in Fig. 6 thethickness of which is added to the superposed thicknesses of theoriginal parts. The spacer shown in this figure is assembled inprecisely the same manner as that shown in Fig. 5 and comprises, inaddition to the three leg members, distance pieces 31 -iuser-ted betweenone such member on one side and two on the other all of which aresecured together by a tying member 32 snugly passing through suitablyformed slits in the parts ;v the tyingmember being also formed toprevent it being readily displaced after assembly.

Tere -it desired to provide a narrower distance between adjacent Windingdisksv than is afforded by the spacer shown in Fig. 5, a simple U-shapedmember 35 combining' the leg members and securing members in one,'having slotted 4distance )ieces 3G slipped thereover as shown lin Fig.t. 'Such a spacer, however,y would preferably be reinforced by anexterior tl-shaped memberv gaged by this ormo/fspacer, are securedprotuberances or buttons 41 means of rivets 42; which buttons and rivetsshould both be :formed of insulating material. The legs 40 haveinterposed therebetween distance piecesel, whiclrare secured by a shorttying member 44. `Exterior members 45 are, in this instacd'shoivn tiedin. by

member 44 and serve a purpose similar to.

a Washer.

The protubenances on the legs of this type of Spatzen-however, may beand preferably would be secured on the leg member by one ferred mannerofsecurig protuberances is illust-rated in Figs. 9, 10, and 11,.butparticularly in Fig. Hei-c the legs 50 are slotted across one end toreceive a tyingfmember 52 or securing or more tying members instead ofby rivets Where my lnvention ispracticed. -This pretheinterposedwdstance pieces 51 In .addithj tien to the end slot, each 'legmember 50 has two longitudinal slots through the body portion over whichare placed similarly slotted -ot the tying members 54 and are similar tothe tying member 52, but ai'e placed back to back, the bent-overportions extending in opposite directions away from the slot. This modeot securing the protuberances prevents thfrom being readily displacedtroni the legs 50 in any direction, and has better insulatingpropertiesthan that shown in Fig. 8.

When spaces, such as shown -in Figs. 8 and 9 are used, they would not bespaced around the edge of the' winding disk so as to abut one. another-in the winding stack, asl

shown in Figs. 1 and 2, but would be so placed that every other .onewould be omit- -ted from Athe normal arrangement shown in' the firstfigures. The disks having spacers ot this type on their edges would beassembled in staggered relation so that the spacers on the adjacentdisks would bear onadisk at the points from which the spacers wereomitted. This arrangement` is shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

In Figs. 3 and 4, 10 denotes a core hav'-` ing a leg 11 surrounded bydisk windings -12 which are insulated interiorly from the core. by acylinder 13 and exteriorly by acylinder 14' andt'rom the -yokes byinserted insulating pieces 15. Each disk of winding has a spacer 1li ofthe general type shown in Fig. 9'spaced about the circumference atpoints substantially 120 degrees apart, as shown in Fig. el. The under`disk whose spacers are indicated by'dotted lines would preferably havespacers having their protul'ierances placed thereon slightly displaced,as indicated on the spacer 16, so as to provide support for all theturns in a coil.

The spacers on the top disk in Fig. 3 are seen to bear on the windingdisk below at the points from which spacers have been omitted as shownat a, and so on throughout the whole stack of windings. Here'again thespacers are shown as placed over the inner edges ot the disks in orderto have a solid abutment therebetweenon' the inner .cylinder 13.

It is obvious that where it is not necessary to take the precaution ofpreventing the protnberances on the legs from being readily displaced inall directions, a single tying member for securing theprotuberances tothe legs will suice. Spacers having" rotuberancessecured in this mannerare. s own in Figs. 10 and Il.

In Fig. 10, there is shown a legt() having three slits across it. Theone across the end receives the tying member 62 for secur'- bertraversing the perforation in said lilling the distance pieces 61. Thosethrough the body. receive the tying members 64 ylgliicl secure thelaminar. 63 in place to ori'i:-.`"t l l protuberances.

if.' In like manner, in Fig. 1,1, :here-is shown a le 70 slotted acrossthe end to receive atying member r2 to-:secure the distance pieces 71,but in place ot' the two additional slots 'being placed across'the bodyto secure the protuberances as in Fig. 10, twolongitudinal slots arhereemployed a little to one side of the center line-of the'leg. rl`hispermits the tying members 7 4, which secure the laminae 73 in place, tooverlap the lamin sufficiently to give an even bearing surface. In Fig.14.- my invention is shown asapplied to a portion of an insulatingcollar or barrier 80. Here the barrier 80 is provided withelongatedjopenings near one edge, with which openings, the openings inthe fillers S1 are placed in register. A tying member 82 is then passedtherethrough to secure the whole; the barrier when thus provided withspacers being ready' orassembly in a' windingconstruction. f l Thoseskilled in theart will readily understand that spacing devices such as Ihave described' may be passed over the edge of cylindrical windings-aswell as disk windings, where it is desired to produce a winding'structure for an electrical apparatus havingv predetermined spacedrelations .among the parts without employing parts liable to becomeeasily displaced.

While I have here shown and described several embodiments of myinvention which are, at present, the best means known to me lforcarrying the same into eect, I would have it understood that vthey aremerely illustrative and that I do not mean to be limited thereby to theprecise details shown, nor in the choice equivalent arrangements exceptas defined. in my claims hereunto annexed.v

What I claim as new and desire to secgure by Letters Patent ofthe UnitedStat-es, .isz-

l1. In ab electrical apparatus, the combination with-- windings composedot coils in assembled relation, of spacinfr means for said windings eachcomprising e members extending over the edges of said coils, fillingmembers, and a vsecurin member arrange to form a self-retaining evice.

9.. In an electrical apparatus, the combination with windings composedof coils in assembled relation, of'pacinguneans for said wind/ings eachcomprising leg 311cm"l ers extending over the edges of said coils,perforated tilling members, and a. securing` mem ing members and forminin coperation with said other members a' -shaped spacing device.

3. In an electrical apparatus, the combina.

tion with windings composed of coils in as'- 13e ing members, saidsembled relation, Aof spacing means for said windings each comprisingleg members e2;- tendin over tlieedges'of said coils, perfo- 4ratedfilling. members, and a securing member traversing the perforations insaid fill-- securing member being the leg members and to formed to liealong' from .the assembled p- 'their perfor-ations arranged to registerwith those in said leg members, and a securing member arranged totraverse the aforementioned vperfor-ations,thereby forming a uni'- ta'ryspacing device.

5. In an electrical apparatus, the combinaftionnvitli windings composedof coils in assembled relationJ'of spacing .means for said windingscomprising perforated leg members extending over the' edges of saidcoils, perforated laminar pieces having their perforatioiis in registerwith these members and arranged at points to secure -.desire d spacingeffects, Vand securing niembers arranged to traverse the aforementionedperforations.

6. A spacingl device for electrical windings comprising leg members,perforated laminar elements cooperating with 'similar perforations insaid leg members to secure a desired spacing effect, and a tying membertravel"- ing the aforementioned peiforations.

7. A spacing device for electrical windings comprising perforated legmembers, 'perforated laminar elements assembled at desired points alongsaid leg members so as to have the perforations in register, and asecuring member snugly traversingthe perfo` rations and formed to resistdisplacement from the assembled position.

8. A spacing device for electrical windings comprising leg membershaving perforations across one end, and perforated distance pieces inregister' with the end perforations in the leg members, and a securingaber having a U-sliaped form passing snugly through the perforations andar` ranged to have its legs overlie said leg menibers.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my in said leg hand this 10thday of Dee.` 1918.

WILLIAM s. WiLLiAMs.

